Multiple sclerosis – causes, risk factors and symptoms of the disease - a literature review

Authors

  • Jolanta Celej-Szuster Chair and Department of Neurological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author
  • Katarzyna Muzyczka Chair of Community Health Care, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author
  • Malgorzata Anasiewicz Emergency Rescue of Bełżyce, Poland Author
  • Katarzyna Kociuba-Adamczuk Chair and Department of Neurological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author
  • Krzysztof Turowski Chair and Department of Neurological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author
  • Andrzej Stanisławek Chair of Community Health Care, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author
  • Hanna Kachaniuk Chair of Community Health Care, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author
  • Zdzisława Szadowska-Szlachetka Chair of Community Health Care, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12923/j.2084-980X/25.1/a.13

Keywords:

multiple sclerosis, causes, risk factors, symptoms

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (SM) is a classified chronic disease which leads to disability. Apart from severe cases, persons suffering from SM, live on average, as long as healthy people, however, their everyday life is often considerably difficult. SM usually occurs in young people. The first relapse normally happens between the age of 20 and 40. As a result of the pathologic process, myelin, i.e. the substance from which neuron sheaths are built, is damaged. The process disrupts normal impulse transmission along neural paths in the encephalon and the spinal cord. The causes of SM are unknown, despite broad knowledge of the mechanisms of impairments that occur in the course of the disease. The symptoms of SM can be transient and sometimes seem difficult to describe.

References

1. Adamczyk K.: Pielęgniarstwo neurologiczne. Wydawnictwo Czelej, Lublin 60, 2000.

2. Bartosik-Psujek H. and Stelmasiak Z.: Stwardnienie rozsiane - trudne odpowiedzi na proste pytania. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska 5, 443, 2006.

3. Członkowska A.: Stwardnienie rozsiane - współczesna diagnostyka i leczenie. Przewodnik Lekarza 1, 7, 2003.

4. Dworzańska E., Mitosek-Szewczyk E. and Stelmasiak Z.: Zespół zmęczenia w stwardnieniu rozsianym. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska 1, 71–72, 2009.

5. Losy J.: Podstawy kliniczne chorób demielinizacyjnych - stwardnienie rozsiane. (w:) Jaracz K. and W. Kozubski: Pielęgniarstwo neurologiczne. Podręcznik dla studiów medycznych. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 250-252, 2008.

6. Opara J., Jaracz K. and Brola W.: Aktualne możliwości oceny jakości życia w stwardnieniu rozsianym. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska 4, 339, 2006.

7. Palasik W.: Stwardnienie rozsiane – nowe tendencje terapeutyczne. Przewodnik Lekarza 9, 41-42, 2007.

8. Papuć E., Belniak E. and Stelmasiak Z.: Zaburzenia depresyjne u chorych na stwardnienie rozsiane. Badania nad Schizofrenią 5, 466, 2004.

9. Pierzchała K. and Kubicka K.: Rola czynników środowiskowych w patogenezie stwardnienia rozsianego. Wiadomości lekarskie 1, 37-39, 2009.

10. Prusiński A.: Neurologia praktyczna. Wydawnictwo Lekarskie PZWL, Warszawa 311, 2001.

Downloads

Published

2012-03-30

Issue

Vol. 25 No. 1 (2012): Current Issues of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

Section

Artykuły

License

Copyright (c) 2012 Authors

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.