Hydroxyapatite biomaterials for a filling of bone defects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12923/Abstract
Calcium phosphate ceramic materials such as hydroxyapatite HAp (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) are used for skeletal tissue engineering because of their biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties. The interconnected porous structure, good mechanical properties, biocompatibility of biodegradable composite provide a suitable microenvironment to promote osteoblast proliferation and osteogenesis. Culturing of osteogenic cells on a porous HAp scaffold offers a new solution to bone grafting using autologous human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) from the patient. These scaffolds could be designed as a perfectly fit replacements to reconstruct the patient's skeleton. Before their use as bone replacement, HAp and its composites should be tested in vivo and in vitro. Microarray is a tool for gene expresion analysis of human osteoblasts in response to HAp biomaterials. By using bioactive ceramic materials that mimic the mineral composition of natural bones, the stimulation of a gene expression which is involved in the commitment of MPCs to osteoblasts was noted by microarray technology. Among up-regulated eleven genes were the genes encoding SOX9 (transcription factor SOX-9) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated protein kinases).
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