Over-the-counter pain reliever (OTC-PR) abuse by adolescents aged 13-19 years – pilot study

Authors

  • Maja Trelińska Department of Perioperative Nursing, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland Author
  • Justyna Cwajda-Białasik Department of Perioperative Nursing, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2382-1496

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12923/pielxxiw-2025-0024

Keywords:

teenagers, abuse, youth, over-the-counter, pain-relieving medications

Abstract

OVER-THE-COUNTER PAIN RELIEVER (OTC-PR) ABUSE BY ADOLESCENTS AGED 13-19 YEARS – PILOT STUDY

Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the level and reasons for using OTC-PR among people aged 13-19.

Material and methods. The study was conducted as a diagnosticsurvey. Participation was voluntary and anonymous,, or in case of minors with parental consent. Out of 600 questionnaires provided, 365 (60.8%) were returned correctly completed. The average age of the participants was 16.43, women to men ratio: 61.6/8.4%.

Results. The most common reason for taking OTC-PR was headaches (75%), abdominal pain (48%), menstrual pain (42%). Students who experienced pain more often, took medication on their own without consulting an adult, had lower symptoms and bought OTC-PR in a store and (r=-0.39-0.46) were significantly more likely to take OTC-PR, abused them more often and combined different medications more often (correlations: r=0.49-0.39). In addition, femalestudents, who experienced pain more often and required a higher effective dose, were more likely to take sedatives/hypnotics (r=-0.22).

Conclusions. The use, abuse and exposure to adverse effects of OTC-PR are very common among young people, more often in people who buy medications on their own, mainly in non-pharmacy sales. Pharmacological education of teenagers and support from the school nurse are necessary. The use of medicinal products should always be under the supervision of anadult.

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Published

2025-09-08

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Section

Original papers

How to Cite

Trelińska, M., & Cwajda-Białasik, J. (2025). Over-the-counter pain reliever (OTC-PR) abuse by adolescents aged 13-19 years – pilot study. Nursing in the 21st Century, AOP. https://doi.org/10.12923/pielxxiw-2025-0024