Słowa kluczowe
ocena
przewlekła niewydolność serca
aspekty psychospołeczne
Abstrakt
OCENA JAKOŚCI ŻYCIA PACJENTÓW Z PRZEWLEKŁĄ WADĄ SERCA
Cel pracy. Celem badań przekrojowych była ocena jakości życia (QoL) oraz wybranych aspektów pacjentów z przewlekłą niewydolnością serca.
Materiał i metody. Do oceny QoL wykorzystano kwestionariusz Minnesota Living with Heart Failure. Uzyskano dane dotyczące depresji, postrzegania choroby, wsparcia społecznego, samowystarczalności oraz ciężkości niewydolności serca według klasyfikacji NYHA. Dane analizowano za pomocą statystyki opisowej, testu Kruskala-Wallisa i Manna-Whitneya oraz współczynnika korelacji Spearmana. Przeprowadzono również analizę regresji liniowej.
Wyniki. Analiza korelacji (p < 0,05) wykazała, że pacjenci z obniżoną samodzielnością (r = -0,3529) oraz pacjenci z cięższą niewydolnością serca (r = 0,2642) zgłaszali gorszą QoL. Gorsze postrzeganie choroby (r = 0,4113), częstsze występowanie depresji (r = 0,5470) oraz gorsza subiektywna ocena stanu zdrowia (r = 0,4394) wskazywały na gorszą jakość życia. Predyktorami całkowitej punktacji QoL były depresja (p = 0,000), postrzeganie choroby (p = 0,001), samowystarczalność (p = 0,008) oraz subiektywna ocena stanu zdrowia (p = 0,005).
Wnioski. W opiece nad chorymi z przewlekłą niewydolnością serca konieczne jest kompleksowe podejście z naciskiem na poprawę jakości życia.
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