Rak żołądka – aktualny problem
Słowa kluczowe:
rak żołądka, epidemiologia, czynniki ryzyka, klasyfikacjaAbstrakt
Pomimo obserwowanego spadku zapadalności na nowotwory żołądka, wciąż pozostają one drugą przyczyną zgonów z powodu chorób nowotworowych na świecie. Tendencja spadkowa jest obserwowana w świecie od kilku już dekad i dotyczy głównie przypadków jelitowego typu nowotworu żołądka, przede wszystkim wiekowo młodej populacji. Spadek zapadalności na nowotwory żołądka może być w dużym stopniu wytłumaczony podniesieniem standardów higieny, stosowaniem właściwych technik konserwacji żywności, zwiększeniem w diecie ilości świeżych owoców i warzyw, ograniczenie spożywanego alkoholu oraz papierosów, jak również eradykcją Helicobacter pylori. Prewencja raka żołądka powinna być ważnym elementem walki z tą chorobą. Chirurgiczna resekcja z towarzyszącą limfadenektomią jest wciąż złotym standardem w leczeniu raka żołądka. Nowe odkrycia na poziomie genu, jak również poznanie molekularnego podłoża nowotworów żołądka prowadzą do lepszego zrozumienia tej choroby, a nowe badania mogą prowadzić do odkrycia bardziej efektywnych metod diagnostycznych, prognostycznych oraz terapeutycznych. Praca jest przeglądem literatury na temat raka żołądka.
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