Keywords
reperfusion
levosimendan
cardioprotection
morphology of MI
Abstract
The consequences of myocardial infarction (MI) are an increasing problem worldwide. Despite spectacular progress in the invasive treatment of ischemic heart disease, the ability to limit the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains largely unrealized. Recent studies have shown that stimulation of opioid receptors may confer a cardioprotective effect against I/R injury. Levosimendan, the inodilator, is indicated for the short-term treatment of acutely decompensated heart failure. We tested the hypothesis that levosimendan may provide cardioprotection in the opioid-like mechanism in the human myocardium.References
1. Kunecki M, Oleksy T, Biernat J, Kukla P, Szwajkos K, Podolec P, Deja M, Gołba K, Płazak W. Ischemic conditioning of human heart muscle depends on opioid-receptor system. Folia Med Cracov. 2017;57(2):31-39.
2. Li PC, Yang YC, Hwang GY, Kao LS, Lin CY. Inhibition of reverse-mode sodium-calcium exchanger activity and apoptosis by levosimendan in human cardiomyocyte progenitor cell-derived cardiomyocytes after anoxia and reoxygenation. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e85909.
3. Sorsa T, Polleselo P, Solaro RJ. The contractile apparatus as a target for drugs against heart failure: interaction of levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer with cardiac troponin c. Moll Cell Biochem. 2004;266:87-107.
4. Haikala H, Polleselo P. Calcium sensitivity enhancers. IDrugs. 2000;3:1199-205.
5. Kaheinen P, Polleselo P, Levijoki J, Haikala H. Levosimendan increases diastolic coronary flow in isolated guinea-pig heart by opening ATP-sensitive potassium channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2001;37:367-74.
6. Erdei N, Papp Z, Polleselo P, Edes I, Bagi Z. The levosimendan metabolite OR-1896 elicits vasodilation by activating the K(ATP) and BK(Ca) channels in rat isolated arterioles. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;148:696-702.
7. Pollesello P, Papp Z. The cardioprotective effect of levosimendan: preclinical and clinical evidence. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2007;50:257-63.
8. Ukkonen H, Saraste M, Akkila J, Knuuti J, Karanko M, Ilida H, et al. Myocardial efficiency during levosimendan infusion in congestive heart failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000;68:522-31.
9. Lilleberg J, Nieminen MS, Akkila J, Heikkila L, Kuitunen A, Verkkala K, et al. Effect of new calcium sensitizer levosimendan on haemodynamics, coronary blood flow and myocardial substrate utilization early after coronary artery by-pass grafting. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:660-8.
10. Toller W, Algottson L, Guarracino F, Hormann C, Knotzer J, Lehman A, et al. Perioperative use of levosimendan: best practice in operative settings. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2013;27:361-6.
11. Rump AF, Acar D, Rosen R, Klaus W. Functional and antiischaemic effects of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor levosimendan in isolated rabbit hearts. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1994;74:2448.
12. Maytin M, Colucci WS. Cardioprotection: A new paradigm in the management of acute heart failure syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:26G-31G.
13. Li PC, Yang YC, Hwang GY, Kao LS, Lin CY Inhibition of reverse-mode sodium-calcium exchanger activity and apoptosis by levosimendan in human cardiomyocyte progenitor cell-derived cardiomyocytes after anoxia and reoxygenation. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e85909. 14. Kopustinskiene DM, Pollesello P, Saris NE. Potassium-specific effects of levosimendan on heart mitochondria. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004;68(5):807-12.
14. Kopustinskiene DM, Pollesello P, Saris NE. Potassium-specific effects of levosimendan on heart mitochondria. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004;68(5):807-12.
15. Kunecki M, Płazak W, Roleder T, Biernat J, Oleksy T, Podolec P, Gołba KS. Opioidergic postconditioning' of heart muscle during ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cardiol J. 2017;24(4):419-26.
16. Toller W, Heringlake M, Guarracino F, Algotson L, Alvarez J, Argyriadau H, et al. Preoperative and perioperative use of levosimendan in cardiac surgery: European expert opinion. Int J Cardiol. 2015;184:323-36.
17. du Toit EF, Genis A, Opie LH, Pollesello P, Lochner A. A role for the RISK pathway and KATP channels in pre- and post-conditioning induced by levosimendan in the isolated guinea-pig heart. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;154:41-50.
18. Sonntag S, Sundberg S, Lehtonen LA, Kleber FX. The calcium sensitizer levosimendan improves the function of stunned myocardium after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:2177-82.
19. Levijoki J, Pollesello P, Kaheinen P, Haikala H. Improved survival with simendan after experimental myocardial infarction in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001;419:243-8.
20. Levin R, Degrange M, Del Mazo C, Tanus E, Porcile R. Preoperative levosimendan decreases mortality and the development of low cardiac output in high-risk patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. Exp Clin Cardiol. 2012;17:125-30.
21. Levin RL, Degrange MA, Porcile R, Salvagio F, Blanco N, Botbol AL, et al. The calcium sensitizer levosimendan gives superior results to dobutamine in postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2008;61:471-9.
22. Adegboyega PA, Haque AK, Boor PJ. Extensive myocytolysis as a marker of sudden cardiac death. Cardiovasc Pathol. 1996;5(6):315-21.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Authors